What does IRF6 gene do?

The IRF6 gene provides instructions for making a protein that plays an important role in early development. This protein is a transcription factor, which means that it attaches (binds) to specific regions of DNA and helps control the activity of particular genes.

What do cleft lips come from?

What Causes Cleft Lip? During the first 6 to 10 weeks of pregnancy, the bones and skin of a baby’s upper jaw, nose, and mouth normally come together (fuse) to form the roof of the mouth and the upper lip. A cleft lip happens when parts of the upper lip and/or gum do not fuse together completely.

What causes lip pits?

Genetic defect of lip pit was found to be due to micro deletion on chromosome bands Iq32-q4 (5,6). More recently a mutation in the IRF6gene was identified (7). The main clinical manifestations are pits and/or sinuses of the lower lip associated with cleft lip and /or palate and occasionally hypodontia (8).

Is popliteal pterygium syndrome a rare disease?

Popliteal pterygium syndrome is a rare condition, occurring in approximately 1 in 300, 000 individuals. Mutations in the IRF6 gene cause popliteal pterygium syndrome. The IRF6 gene provides instructions for making a protein that plays an important role in early development.

What causes pain in the popliteal fossa?

Popliteal fossa pain is developed by a wide variety of causes. The most common causes are Baker’s cyst, soft tissue or bone tumor and injury to the meniscus, hamstring, popliteal tendon or ligament.

Are lip pits genetic?

A congenital lip pit or lip sinus is a congenital disorder characterized by the presence of pits and possibly associated fistulas in the lips. They are often hereditary, and may occur alone or in association with cleft lip and palate, termed Van der Woude syndrome.

Are Pterygiums hereditary?

Hereditary predisposition is fundamental for the onset and sustenance of pterygium. Pterygium size and severity are most likely to be determined by hereditary factors. Predisposition to pterygium occurrence most likely follows multifactorial mode of inheritance, which is of the polygenic model.

Can pterygium be congenital?

A pterygium may occur congenitally and may even be hereditary (Armaignac, 1914). It is suggested that a pterygium may be considered to be a sign of congenital degeneration or disorder of the comeal nerves of the particular segment, leading to degeneration of the overlying layers of the cornea.

What is the function of IRF6?

IRF6 is a transcription factor that belongs to a family of nine transcription factors that share a highly conserved helix-turn-helix DNA-binding domain and a less conserved protein-binding domain. Most IRFs regulate the expression of interferon-alpha and -beta after viral infection, but the function of IRF6 is related to epidermal development.

What is the IRF6 gene mutation?

genetic polymorphism of the IRF6 gene is associated with increased risk of nsCLP in a Xinjiang Uyghur population. Data suggest that the toll like receptor 3 (TLR3)-interferon regulatory factor 6 protein (IRF6)-interleukin-23 subunit p19 (p19)/EBI3 protein axis may regulate keratinocyte functions in the skin.

What are irf6-related disorders?

Mutations in the interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) gene are associated with IRF6 -related disorders. IRF6 -related disorders are inherited as autosomal dominant genetic conditions. The autosomes are the 22 pairs of chromosomes similar in both males and females. All autosomal genes are paired with one copy from each parent.

What are the signs and symptoms of IRF6?

Signs & Symptoms. The symptoms of IRF6 -related disorders vary greatly from person to person. Some affected individuals may have mild clinical signs, while others may exhibit a more severe form of the disease (variable expressivity). Individuals with VWS can have lip pits alone, cleft lip or cleft palate alone,…