How would you describe an oil refinery?

An oil refinery is a facility that takes crude oil and distills it into various useful petroleum products such as gasoline, kerosene or jet fuel. Refining is classified as a downstream operation of the oil and gas industry, although many integrated oil companies will operate both extraction and refining services.

What is the oil refining process called?

Fractional distillation. The primary process for separating the hydrocarbon components of crude oil is fractional distillation. Crude oil distillers separate crude oil into fractions for subsequent processing in such units as catalytic reformers, cracking units, alkylation units, or cokers.

What does the acronym OPEC stand for?

Organization of the Petroleum Exporting CountriesOPEC / Full name
The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is a permanent, intergovernmental Organization, created at the Baghdad Conference on September 10–14, 1960, by Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela.

How many units are there in a refinery?

A typical refinery will have a dozen or more of these processing units. These fall into four broad categories: Separation units – Some process units separate a hydrocarbon mixture into its components through distillation or extraction.

What are distillates in refining?

Distillate is a term used to refer both to the atmospheric gasoil cut from atmospheric distillation, and to a range of light products ranging from kerosene to diesel. Generally, the distillate products are considered to include: Kerosene. Jet fuel. Diesel.

What is refinery waste called?

The waste products from any petroleum refinery or production process which has been dewatered. It is commonly called slop oil. Residues (petroleum), clay- treating filter wash A complex residuum from the solvent washing of clay-treating filters.

What is a refinery?

Refinery: A plan used to separate the various components present in crude oil and convert them into usable products or feedstock for other processes. Residual Fuel Oil: Heavy fuel oils produced from the non-volatile residue from the fractional distillation process. Heavy oils that are “leftovers” from various refining processes.

What is hydrocarbon refining?

Hydrocarbon liquid or gas refining process to remove impurities by dissolving the impurities into an absorbent (usually liquid) so that the impurities are absorbed in the absorbent. ADO (Automotive Diesel Oil) Refinery product which is the result of diesel and gas oil blending. It is simply called as diesel oil.

What is the process of petroleum refining?

Refining operations Petroleum refining processes and operations can be separated into five basic areas: •Fractionation(distillation) is the separation of crude oil in atmospheric and vacuum distillation towers into groups of hydrocarbon compounds of differing boiling-point ranges called “fractions” or “cuts.”

What is an’oil refinery’?

What is an ‘Oil Refinery’. An oil refinery is an industrial plant that refines crude oil into petroleum products such as diesel, gasoline and heating oils. Oil refineries essentially serve as the second stage in the production process following the actual extraction of crude oil by rigs. The first step in the refining process is distillation,…